Economical importance of bryophytes

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ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF BRYOPHYTES Mosses and Bryophytes are the first organiasms to colonise rocks. They colonise rock by acidic secretion. This acidic secretion is due to the death of mosses. When the rock is decomposed it helps in soil formation. Therefore New soils are formed. The soil act as binders.  It prevent soil erosion. The water retention capacity of the soil is high ie, water holding capacity of the soil is high.  This reduces surface water run-off which prevent soil erosion. Bryophyte helps in the recycling of nutrients. ECONOMICAL IMPORTANCE OF BRYOPHYTES. 1) SPHAGNUM Sphagnum has high absorptive power with antiseptic property. This can be used to replace cotton in bandages. 2) MERCHANTIA   Mercahntia cures pulmonary tuberculosisand affliction (pain) in liver. Antibiotic substances are also extracted from bryophytes. it also acts as antiseptic, and as preservative POLYTRICHUM Polytrichum dissolove stone in kidney and in gall bladder. 3) IN RESEARCH It is u...
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GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF ALGAE, NOTES

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CLASSIFICATION


    Biological classification is the scientific procedure of arranging the organisms in a hierarchical series of groups and sub-groups on the basis of their similarities and dissimilarities .this method of classification, which took years for researchers to decide the most fundamental characteristics for the classification. The science of biological classification is called "taxonomy".

CLASSIFICATION OF ALGAE 
    Algae have evolved in many diverse form in the living world. The various species of algae share certain characteristics, in different species of algae, even of the same species, they display extraordinary variety in shape, size, composition and colour. A single species of algae can change it's colour, shape and composition ,reserve food etc depending upon the environment. 

   The classification of algae into taxonomic group follows the same rules as follows for land plants. The major algal group are distinguished on the basic of pigmentation, snap, structures, cell wall composition, types of flagella, reserve food and methods of reproduction. Algae show many variations even with in each species. Therefore they show exceptions to nearly every classification rules. They can change their respective habits according to environment. 

  The Ability  to see minute difference in algal cells with election microscope has substantially changed the classification of algae since 1960s.further changes in classification will  continue as a new differences are discovered amongst members of the same group or different group. 
             Though all algae are coloured. They were divided into follows groups on the basis of their colour. 

1.myxophyceae or Cyanophyceae (BGA) -dominant pigment c- phycocyanin. 
2.chlorophyceae(green algae) -pigment-chl a, b
3.phaeophyceae(brown algae) pigment-fucoxanthin. 
4.rhodophyceae( red algae) -pigment R-phycoerythrin. 

ICBN(International Code of Botanical Nomenclature) has recommended the following suffixes for the different category of algae. 

Davision-phyta
Subdivision-phytina
Class-phyceae
Subclass-phycidae
Order- ales
Suborder- inales
Family-aceae 
Subclass- oideae
Tribe- eae
Genus- generally a latkn name
Species-      "
Variety- a latin word
Form-    "

  To classify the algae follow scientists have given their system of classification of algae. 

1.Fritsch system of classification. 
2.Smith system of classification. 
3.Papenfuss system of classification. 
4.Chapman system of classification. 
5.Prescott system of classification. 
6.Round system of classification. 
7.Chapman and Chapman system of classification. 

 
     Among them fritsch system of classification is most effective system of classification and it is considered as the classification of algae. 




All the best 😃😃😃😃😃😃..... 

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